Showing posts with label Malory. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Malory. Show all posts

Friday, June 7, 2024

Lancelot and Guinevere, a version of Malory's Le Morte Darthur.

 

Lancelot, Seeking Perfection, Encounters Guinevere.

 (Parts 1-8)

A man convicted of high treason was hung, drawn and quartered. For the same crime, a Woman was burnt. 

 

1)

 

The brutal years build muscle on his arms

but leave his head and heart exposed.

Refine the character, exceed ideals, become

the definition of his age; the man

all men are measured by, the man most women

dream they lie beside. Conscripted as the hero 

for an epic tale which runs ahead 

drawing the path he has to follow,

what could he ask his world would not allow?

 

Time happened somewhere else.

Hung in her room, where tapestries

depict dead saints and lovers, 

green eyes stab up and in.

Nothing that he’s ever learnt 

deflects their judgment 

when he has retired

to his familiar quarters,

mocking the years of discipline. 

What he thought self-denial

was an absence of desire.  

He’s never wanted anything 

except this expertise in death

his peer’s respect, the crowd’s acclaim

and now her voice creating shadows in his life

whispering his name.

 

2)

 

The altar candles prove 

more is hidden than they can reveal.

His knees on stone, head bowed

the darkness and the ache familiar

as the words he’s lost.  

A virgin cannot understand

and who is being crucified?

What God of Love denies the act?

He sees their bodies writhing in the Pit.

He sees their bodies writhing in her bed.

Convicted of a guilt he won’t accept,

death certain either way,

he gains a vantage point

from which he can survey

walls he cannot leap, 

a moat too foul to swim,

but if he’ll crawl along the razor’s edge

the bridge of swords

might let him in.

 

3) 

 

They’ll stuff his genitals into his mouth 

choking the sight of his intestines

smoking on the coals.

She reaches underneath his skin

draws out his heart, begins to feed.

He licks the blood that’s coursing down her chin

the drips between her breasts

the splashes on her belly, on her thighs. 

Mouth locked on mouth as though words 

had no place or purpose here

they fall together. Driven 

by his desperation

he tries to climb inside, curl up 

beneath the refuge of her ribs

deny whatever still divides.

 

4)

 

She watches from her window, 

sees the carters stack the wood

they’d use to burn a guilty queen. 

The crowd shoals as the victim’s 

dragged towards the stake.

This room. This bed. 

 

Behind her she can hear the roaring

flames, of hell or execution makes no odds,

blistering the skin her lover sang about.

Cries of pleasure modulate to cries of pain.

Aren’t torturer and lover both the same? 

Both shred the public face, unleash  

the sweating beast no song can gloss.

Withdrawn behind her gowns 

she is the queen again,

to make him be some faithful champion,

not the man whose busy hands and tongue

brought so much joy.

 

5)

 

The narrative imperative, 

illogic of the grail, 

which only Galahad escapes: 

no matter how elaborate the fuck;

negotiate an aftermath!

 

Not the familiar strangeness

reentering the everyday

as clothes hung on the floor

hide cooling flesh,

the blinds are drawn

masks are adjusted, 

civilities observed,

nor the furtive exit, 

from her quarters 

lies succeeding lies

facing friends 

he has betrayed, 

and learning how 

to look them in the eyes.

 

But this essential singularity: 

two bodies leave the room

treading their separate paths.

 

6) 

 

To purge the sin that settles like 

the stench of bodies burning in the square

he dedicates himself to harsher quests,

to the purity the grail is offering.

He rides on, famished, cold

beyond the mark where other heroes fail.

What good’s the world’s applause 

for what he knows is fraud?

 

She is the landscape 

he would wander through

but to what end, except 

participation in the mystery

of repetitious suicide

the frantic fumbling 

frenzied flesh to flesh

discovering, as each one falls,

more walls, more ditches, 

more locked doors.

 

The mountains, chapels, grottos

victories; the casual deaths,

the endless miracles all pale.

Not wanting to succeed, 

how can he fail? 

 

7)

 

He returns, to claim his prize                         

to learn, too late,

unlike a castle, gates slammed shut 

she can be had, but can’t be held.

The treachery of metaphors: 

a sleazy go-between

reality and understanding,

having drawn them to the bed,

stoked the flames and hung them

on a fantasy of comprehension

denies responsibility and runs

to sell them for a quarter. 

 

8) 

 

Free of impediments, 

she turns aside 

from futures 

they had whispered.

 

Call it remorse, 

guilt, Christian 

upbringing

A lesser man 

would call it 

a betrayal.

 

He waves goodbye 

and wishes 

one last kiss, 

which she denies.

 

Alone, of course, his knees on stone, 

head bowed, the ache familiar

as the worlds he’s lost.  

The candle flames illuminate

smirking icons who deride

the sterile echoes of his prayers  

scratching at the gate of Heaven

pleading for a second chance. 

Stripped to the clarity of remorse

what’s left but dying, devotion

and perfecting his repentance?



This poem is printed in 'Rough Spun to Close Weave', published by Ginninderra Press and available on line or from  http://www.liamguilar.com/shop/rough-spun-to-close-weave 

Thursday, June 29, 2023

What's great about Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte D'Arthur




My attempt to explain why I admire Malory's book, and why I've been rereading it since the late 1970s, is published on The Brazen Head Website. Clicking on the link below should take you there.

https://brazen-head.org/2023/06/27/thomas-malorys-civilisation-shaping-chivalry/ 



Tuesday, July 27, 2021

The Conception of Arthur. Sex Gilgamesh and Uther Pendragon part two

See Previous post.


Part two:

 

I also assume that human history is a record of brutality interrupted by occasional attempts at idealism. And despite the common orthodoxy, this doesn’t just apply to white male patriarchal societies…fear, greed and stupidity seem to characterise all societies at all times. So the past is always going to be dangerous territory. 

 

The danger of dealing with past texts is succinctly expressed by Corinne Saunders in ‘Rape and ravishment in the literature of medieval England’:

 

'[…] by contrasting past and present, and assessing the past according to contemporary ideologies, we validate our own political assumptions. The temptation is to assume the transhistoric nature of contemporary premises and therefore to fit the evidently ‘misogynistic’ structures of the middle ages into a pattern to be censured and exposed…’

 

Such an approach, eager to find fault, inevitably misses the often complex nature of medieval narrative. Combine that with the typically ignorant assumption that medieval story tellers are inferior to modern ones and you get the classic rewrite of ‘Beowulf ‘or ‘Gawain and the Green Knight’ to ‘problematicise the heroic ideology of the poem’ which misses the fact that the poems already do that. 

 

But to return to Uther and the story of the conception of King Arthur. 

 

Laȝamon's version is not straightforward: the birth of the Great Hero is A GOOD THING, but His conception is an act of treachery, a sin, and a failure of a King who should have put duty before desire. 

 

At the core of this complex layering is our recognition that the story of Arthur’s conception is shaped by the Gospel narratives of the Nativity, which in turn echo Greek hero stories. There have also been attempts to reconstruct ‘Celtic’ stories in which a divine character pretends to be a woman’s husband so that a hero can be conceived.  More of this later. This understanding pulls the reader’s response in one direction: Whatever the morality of the act, the consequence is good.

 

But  Laȝamon’s version presents Arthur's conception as a troubling and problematic act. 

 

In Malory, Uther and Gorlois have been at war. The underlying tensions of the feast don’t require too much to set both men at each other’s throats. 

 

Laȝamon emphasises a double betrayal. Gorlois has previously saved Uther from a military disaster. His piety and loyalty have been emphasised. The feast at which Uther meets Ygraene is to celebrate that victory. Uther repays his debts by going to war with Gorlois and disguising himself as her husband so he can f#ck Ygaerne. 

 

It’s that brutal. It is not a love story. 

 

So morally and legally this is wrong. 

 

In Malory, Lancelot is morally and legally wrong but it’s difficult not to admire him. 

 

However, the assumptions that love is good, that there’s something heroic about someone who thinks ‘the world well lost for love’, even that romance should be a part of life, are not ‘transhistorical’ but the result of a cultural progression that shapes modern readers’ expectations. Laȝamon is writing before that expectation takes hold.

 

For Laȝamon ‘love’ is not ‘admirable’; it’s a diseased state in which people, notably kings, fail to fulfil the demands of their role. Locrin’s infatuation with Aestrild, and Vortigern’s with Rowena, bring disaster to themselves and their kingdom. The accumulation of previous stories critique Uther’s actions even if no character does. 

 

Throughout the Brut a social role, whether King, King’s Daughter, Queen or Knight, is almost a verb. In the Brut you do kinging. What defines a King as good or bad is established by all the examples of all the previous kings, and the reiterated lesson is that one who puts his own desire before his duty is a BAD KING. His actions will have disastrous consequences for himself and/or his country. 

 

Uther is therefore not only morally wrong: the church would condemn him as an adulterer, but the text in no way asks us to sympathise or condone his actions. Being overwhelmed by desire is not heroic; it’s wrong. 

 

Despite the assumption that a medieval priest would be stained with clerical misogyny, in this case, the woman is explicitly exonerated: not only does she not know it’s Uther, but there is some complicated manoeuvring so that Gorlois is dead before Arthur is conceived . Her innocence is emphasised. 

 

And then, to complicate matters further, at the centre of this tangle of contradictions, Laȝamon manages what is probably the quietest moment in the whole of the Brut. 

 

The story presents Arthur’s conception as anything other than straightforward for the reader.  Perhaps medieval story tellers were willing to give their readers freedom to come to their own conclusions. They were writing for adults. To read it simply as ‘a rape story’, to assume a medieval writer would have little sympathy for a female victim and would condone an act of male aggression, wilfully misses its complex presentation.  

 

In the next post, rewriting the past as a form of lying. 

Friday, June 25, 2021

Susan Watson's 'The time of the angels'.

 Susan Watson's beautiful 'The Time of the Angels' is now available from 

https://dragonsmokepress.com/pages/the-time-of-the-angels

Sir Thomas Malory, Student life, and Britain's freezing 'Winter of Discontent' (1979). 
Full description and sample at the link above